MGDS Vocabulary Terms: data_type

AcousticScintillationThermometry, A measurement of slight fluctuations in water temperature based on changes in the backscattered signal between successive sonar scans of an area of the seafloor.
Backscatter:Acoustic, Acoustic backscatter intensity, the intensity of sound that is scattered back toward an acoustic transducer. 
Backscatter:Optical, A measurement of the cloudiness of a medium derived from measuring the amount of light scattered by particles.
Bathymetry, Seafloor depth data.
Bathymetry:BPI, Bathymetric Positioning Index (BPI) derived from ArcGIS Benthic Terrain Modeler(BTM). The BPI is a measure which allows calculating where a certain location with a defined elevation is relative to the overall landscape. 

Bathymetry:Paleobathymetry, A reconstruction of a past bathymetric surface derived from sub-seafloor observations.
Bathymetry:Phase, Bathymetry data derived from the phase difference measured between two closely spaced receiving arrays.
Bathymetry:ReferenceSurface, A bathymetry grid produced over a flat area of seafloor that is used to test the performance of a multibeam sonar system.
Bathymetry:Singlebeam, Bathymetry data derived from a single beam echosounder.
Bathymetry:Swath, Bathymetry data derived from a multibeam sonar.
Bathymetry:Swath:Ancillary, Metadata, processing and reference information related to multibeam data.
Biology:Electrobiology, Data describing the electrical phenomena of living organisms.
Biology:GeneticSequence, A succession of letters representing the primary structure of a DNA molecule or strand.
Biology:LarvalDistribution, Information about the larval population in an area. Could include spatial distribution information and/or species distribution.
Biology:LarvalFlux, Flux of larvae measured at a particular location
Biology:Microbiology, Data about microorganisms, including eukaryotes (fungi and protists), and prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea).
Biology:Microbiology:Culture, A pure microbiological culture is produced by promoting mircroogranisms to reproduce in predetermined culture media under controlled laboratory conditions.
Biology:Microbiology:Diversity, A measure of the variety of microorganisms at the genetic, species and ecosystem levels.
Biology:Species:Abundance, A quantification of species abundance in a particular sample.
Biology:Species:Distribution, Information about the observed spatial distribution of different species.
Biology:Species:List, A list of organisms that were identified to species.
Biology:StableIsotopes
Biology:SymbiontPhysiology, Information about the function of the living systems of organisms that live within host organisms.
BottomStress, Bottom stress refers to the shear stress experienced within the bottom boundary layer of a fluid and is a crucial component when understanding sediment transport.
Chemistry, data concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions
Chemistry:Fluid, data concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of fluids, as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions
Chemistry:Fluid:Eh, The redox potential of a fluid, an indication of the tendency of chemical species to acquire electrons and thereby be reduced.
Chemistry:Fluid:Electrochemistry, data concerning chemical reactions which take place in a solution at the interface of an electron conductor (a metal or a semiconductor) and an ionic conductor (the electrolyte), and which involve electron transfer between the electrode and the electrolyte or species in solution.
Chemistry:Fluid:pH, A measure of the acidity of a fluid.
Chemistry:Particulate, Chemistry data derived from particulate materials
Chemistry:Rock, Geochemistry data derived from rock samples.
Chemistry:Sediment, Geochemistry data derived from sediment samples.
Conductivity, A measure of the ability of a medium to conduct electricity.
Conductivity:Thermal, A measure of the ability of a medium to conduct heat.
CrustalAge, Measurement of the amount of time the crustal rock material has been isolated from the convecting mantle.
CTD:Ancillary, Ancillary files associated with CTD data, including bottle and configuration information, and other metadata.
CurrentMeasurement, A measure of fluid velocity based on the path of a fluid parcel over time or in-situ measurements of fluid flow.
Density, The density, or more precisely, the volumetric mass density, of a substance is its mass per unit volume.
Documentation, Use this data type for documentation that can be specifically tied to a data set, then map the two data sets. This data type will capture much of what we used to put in the entry_url table.
Earthquake:Catalog, An inventory of earthquake positions and magnitudes.
Earthquake:Catalog:Microseismicity, An inventory of earthquake positions and magnitudes.
Earthquake:Catalog:Microseismicity:FocalMechanisms, Earthquake focal mechanism solutions
Electromagnetic, Measurement of physical field produced by electrically charged objects.
Elevation:Bedrock
Elevation:Surface
EnvironmentalDebris, Data quantifying anthropogenic environmental debris on the environment.
FluidFlow, Measurement of fluids (liquids and gases) in motion.
Fluorescence, Measurement of luminescence that is mostly found as an optical phenomenon in cold bodies, in which the molecular absorption of a photon triggers the emission of a photon with a longer (less energetic) wavelength, though a shorter wavelength emission is sometimes observed from multiple photon absorption.
Flux:Air-Sea, Fluxes of momentum, sensible heat, and carbon dioxide over the ocean.

Geodesy, Measurement of crustal deformation.
Geodesy:Velocity, GPS velocity derived from geodetic (GPS) measurements.
Gravity:Anomaly:Bouguer, Simple (marine) Bouguer anomaly with no correction for modeled topography of a constant thickness, constant density crust.
Gravity:Anomaly:FreeAir, measurement of the difference between observed gravity and theoretical gravity that has been computed for latitude and corrected for elevation of the station above or below the geoid, by application of the normal rate of change of gravity for change of elevation, as in free air.
Gravity:Anomaly:MantleBouguer
Gravity:Anomaly:MantleBouguerResidual
Gravity:Field
Gravity:Predicted:PlateCooling, Predicted gravity contribution of plate cooling.
Heatflow, Measurement of the transition of thermal energy from a hotter object to a cooler object
Hydroacoustic, Waveform data collected by sound-channel moored hydrophones typically used for monitoring undersea seismicity or marine mammal activity.
IceConcentration, Area of a surface covered in ice. Often an image or diagram that shows sea ice over bodies of water.
Interpretation:Geologic, An interpretation of the characteristics of some component of the earth based on scientific assessment of one or more data types.
Interpretation:Geologic:Fault/Fissure
Interpretation:Geologic:LavaFlow
Interpretation:Geologic:Map
Interpretation:Geologic:PlateBoundary
Interpretation:Geologic:SedimentaryEnvironments
LayerThickness:Crust, Crustal thickness, may be in depth or twtt. May be determined from seismic, radar, gravity etc.
LayerThickness:Ice
LayerThickness:SeismicLayer2A, Seismic 2A layer thickness, in meters or two way travel time.
Magnetic:Anomaly, Measurement of the local variation in the Earth's magnetic field
Magnetic:Anomaly:IGRF, Magnetic Anomaly with the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF), a standard mathematical description of the Earth's main magnetic field, removed
Magnetic:Field, The measurement of the Earth's total magnetic field.
Magnetization, Quantity of magnetic moment per unit volume
Magnetotelluric, Measurement of the electric currents under the Earth's surface induced by natural variations in the earth's magnetic field.
Meteorological, Measurement of data related to atmosphere that focuses on weather processes and forecasting.
Mineralogy:Sediment, Characterization of the mineral composition of sediments.
ModelParameters, General data type for any files used to define the parameters of a model. Includes calibration, configuration, geometry, weighting information and so on.
Navigation, Information about the position of a platform or device. Minimally this includes x and y, but often date and time are also included.
Navigation:Primary, Primary ship navigation data product
Observation:Bird, Field observations of birds noted during science operations.
Oxygen, A measurement of oxygen in a substance. May be dissolved oxygen, % oxygen saturation, etc.
ParticleFlux, A measure of the rate at which settling particles pass through a parcel of air or water.
Permeability
Photograph, A still image acquired with a digital or film camera.
Photograph:Mosaic, An assemblage of images that have been rotated and scaled to create a composite view or image.
Photograph:Video, Streaming images generated on film or digital media.
Photograph:Video:FrameGrab, Still images frame grabbed from video stream.
Photograph:Video:TimeLapse, A video assembled from time-lapse images
Photograph:WebGallery, A gallery of photographs that can be viewed and explored through an internet browser.
PhysicalDescription
PhysicalProperties:Rock, A measure of the physical properties (e.g. permeability, porosity) of a rock sample.
PhysicalProperties:Rock:Ancillary, Ancillary data, such as a calibration file, related to physical properties of rock.
PhysicalProperties:Sediment, A measure of the physical properties (eg density, porosity, magnetic susceptibility) of sediments, usually from a sediment core logger/scanner device.
PhysicalProperties:Sediment:Ancillary, Ancillary data such as calibration files.
Pressure, The force per unit area applied to the surface of an object.
Pressure:Ancillary, Ancillary data files that accompany prefix.tid pressure file.
Pseudorange:GNSS, The apparent distance between a satellite and a navigation satellite receiver.
Radar:Reflection, Electromagnetic waves scattered from any large change in the dielectric or diamagnetic constants.
Radiation, The measurement of energy emitted by a body.
Radiation:Gamma, Measurement of radiation of photons with a frequency of greater than 1019 Hz.
Radiation:Infrared, The measurement of electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength is longer than that of visible light (400-700 nm), but shorter than that of terahertz radiation (100 µm - 1 mm) and microwaves (~30,000 µm). Infrared radiation spans roughly three orders of magnitude (750 nm and 100 µm).
Radiation:Visible, The measurement of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to (can be detected by) the human eye.
RadiometricDating, Data describing the age of materials, usually based on a comparison between the observed abundance of a naturally occurring radioactive isotope and its decay products, using known decay rates.
ReflectorDepth:Moho, Seismically-derived depth to the Moho
ReflectorDepth:Seafloor, Seismically-derived depth to the seafloor
Resistivity, A measure of how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current.
Rugosity, Measurement of surface roughness (of a fluid)
Salinity, A measure of the dissolved salt content of a body of water. Often computed from Conductivity.
Sample:Fluid:Ancillary, Additional data or metadata about fluid samples.
SampleInfo, Metadata about physical samples that were acquired.
SampleInfo:Biology, An inventory of biological samples physically acquired at a field site.
SampleInfo:Fluid, An inventory of fluid samples physically acquired at a field site.
SampleInfo:Microbiology, An inventory of microbiological samples physically acquired at a field site.
SampleInfo:Rock, An inventory of rock samples physically acquired at a field site.
SampleInfo:Sediment, An inventory of sediment samples physically acquired at a field site.
Sample:Rock:Ancillary, Ancillary information that accompanies rock sample inventories including both qualitative and quantitative sample descriptions.
Sediment:Description, Can include grain size distribution data derived from sediment samples, classfication of sediments (sand, mud clay) and/or descriptions of environmental parameters relevant to ecological processes.
Seismic:Active:OBS:TravelTimePicks, Seismic wave travel time picks derived from active-source shooting to OBS instruments
Seismic:Active:Subbottom, Data on reflectivity of sedimentary or rock layers beneath the seafloor  collected with CHIRP and similar systems typically operating in the few Hz up to about 50 Hz range
Seismic:Ancillary, Acquisition, reference and metadata for seismic data types.
Seismic:Navigation, Information about the position of the equipment during seismic data acquisition. This should include date, time, x and y.
Seismic:Navigation:ShotTime, The information for the number or name, time and location of the seismic sound source or shot for seismic systems.
Seismic:Passive, Measurements of ground motions generated by natural seismic sources, eg earthquakes, volcanic eruptions
Seismic:Passive:Compliance, Measurements of the vertical displacement of the seafloor related to low frequency ocean waves (infragravity waves). 
Seismic:Passive:OBH, Data from Ocean Bottom Hydrophones deployed to detect water column motions generated by natural seismic sources, eg earthquakes, volcanic eruptions.
Seismic:Passive:OBS, Data from Ocean Bottom Seismometers deployed to detect ground motions generated by natural seismic sources, eg earthquakes, volcanic eruptions.
Seismic:ReceiverFunction, Receiver function calculated from earthquake data
Seismic:Reflection:MCS, Data collected using the principles of seismology to estimate the properties of the Earth's subsurface from reflected seismic waves generated by multiple sound sources.
Seismic:Reflection:SCS, Data collected using the principles of seismology to estimate the properties of the Earth's subsurface from reflected seismic waves generated by a single sound source.
Seismic:SegyHistory:MCS, Metadata describing the processing steps for mult-channel seismic SEGY data
Seismic:SegyHistory:SCS, Metadata describing the processing steps for mult-channel seismic SEGY data
Seismic:ShotTimesStatus, The reference information about the seismic sound source or shot.
Seismic:Velocity:Model, Seismic velocity data obtained from a model. Model inputs generally include information on layer thickness, source-receiver geometry, weighting factor, etc.
Seismic:WideAngle, Wide source-receiver offset seismic data
Seismic:WideAngle:ESPs, Expanding Spread Profile seismic data collected during active (also known as controlled) source experiments involving two ships.
Seismic:WideAngle:OBH, Wide source-receiver offset data collected during active (also known as controlled) sorurce experiments using Ocean Bottom Hydrophones as the receivers. 
Seismic:WideAngle:OBS, Wide source-receiver offset data collected during active (also known as controlled) source experiments using Ocean Bottom Seismometers as the receivers. 
Sidescan, Backscatter intensity data acquired with a sidescan sonar or similar data acquired with a multibeam sonar.
SubsidenceRate
Temperature, A measurement of how hot or cold a substance is.
Temperature:Diffusivity, A measure of thermal diffusivity
ThermalGradient, Temperature as a function of depth
Tide:Height
Transmissivity, The fraction of incident light at a specified wavelength that passes through a sample
TravelTime:Acoustic, Travel time for acoustic waves between, say, a modem and a logger such as those used in seafloor geodesy studies
Turbidity, An indication of the cloudiness of a fluid associated with suspended particles.  Can be measured with a variety of sensors including transmissometers, nephelometers, or secchi disks.
Turbulence, A measure of the chaotic, stochastic property changes of a fluid flow.
Velocity:Doppler, A continuous-wave trajectory-measurement using the Doppler effect.
Velocity:Particle
Velocity:Sound, The speed of sound.
Visualization, A rendering of volumes, surfaces, illumination sources, etc, sometimes with a temporal component.
Visualization:Fledermaus, Fledermaus formatted visualization files (*.sd, *.scene) of surfaces and/or volumes that can be viewed with free software from IVS3D (www.ivs3d.com).
Visualization:GoogleEarth, An assembly of information (e.g. images, lines, placemarks) written in KML/KMZ format for display in Google Earth.
WaveMeasurement, Measurements related to characteristics of waves such as wave height, period, direction. 
X-radiograph, Type of data used, for example, in analysis of sediment core stratigraphy. Produced by a specialised x-ray machine.